{"id":4030,"date":"2021-10-08T12:41:44","date_gmt":"2021-10-08T11:41:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/unihost.com\/blog\/?p=4030"},"modified":"2026-01-09T13:05:30","modified_gmt":"2026-01-09T11:05:30","slug":"what-is-cloudflare","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/unihost.com\/blog\/what-is-cloudflare\/","title":{"rendered":"What is Cloudflare and how it speeds up your website"},"content":{"rendered":"

Promoting a website worldwide is a story of its own. You can add translate everything, start launching advertisements and then find out that the website loads way too slow for the foreign customers. And sometimes it just doesn\u2019t load at all, leaving them with an error page.<\/p>\n

The reason for this lies in the very foundation of the internet.<\/span><\/p>\n

World Wide Web<\/span><\/h2>\n

Internet is called a web for a reason. It doesn\u2019t have a defined center that contains every website in the world. Instead, internet consists of a multitude of knots \u2014 servers \u2014 that connect with the threads of the broadband and optic cables. Websites are located on those servers.<\/span><\/p>\n

But how does the internet know what server to look for a picture I want to see? How can you find the knot you need in the whole world wide web?<\/span><\/p>\n

There are special DNS-servers to help figure out to which server to route the requests. Each server has a unique IP-address. It consists of four groups of digits, from one to three digit in each group, and is used to identify the server. Each IP links to the number of domains, such as google.com or yahoo.com.<\/span><\/p>\n

You can even go to the websites using those IP addresses. For example, <\/span>https:\/\/31.13.73.36<\/span><\/a> is a domain of Facebook.com. But to make it easier to remember the website, the domains are used.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hosting companies, that rent domains and servers for the websites, create the corresponding records on their DNS servers. Local internet providers gather data from them and send it to their DNS servers. <\/span><\/p>\n

Here\u2019s how it works in real life:<\/span><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Californian student Michael opens his browser and inputs <\/span>https:\/\/facebook.com<\/span><\/a> in the address bar.<\/span><\/li>\n
  2. Michael\u2019s computer sends a request to local provider\u2019s DNS server. The server defines, that <\/span>https:\/\/facebook.com<\/span><\/a> belongs to a server with an IP address of 31.13.73.36 and there is no such server on the internal network.<\/span><\/li>\n
  3. The provider\u2019s server sends the request up the chain, to the national provider\u2019s server (AT&T, Comcast, etc.). That one locates the server with the IP address 31.13.73.36 in Miami.<\/span><\/li>\n
  4. The national provider sends the request to the server in Miami, which then routes it to the local datacenter. There it is processed and the Facebook login page is sent to Michael\u2019s computer via the same route.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    All of this happens in less than a second. Michael hasn\u2019t even finished his sip of coffee and the page is already loaded. But what happens if it\u2019s not Michael from California? What if it\u2019s Ivan from Russia?<\/span><\/p>\n

    Before Ivan\u2019s request even reaches the US, it has to go through:<\/span><\/p>\n

      \n
    1. A server of Ivan\u2019s local internet provider.<\/span><\/li>\n
    2. A server of Ivan\u2019s regional internet provider.<\/span><\/li>\n
    3. A server of the national provider (Rostelecom).<\/span><\/li>\n
    4. A whole chain of Europe-located servers that will send Ivan\u2019s request to the transatlantic transmitter.<\/span><\/li>\n
    5. The actual transmitter, that will send Ivan\u2019s request over the Atlantic using the submarine cable.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      \"Submarine<\/a>
      Submarine cable installation. Source: Bill Burns, Atlantic Cable.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

      As a result, Ivan gets the Facebook\u2019s login page not in one second, but roughly in three. And that\u2019s if the channels are relatively free. If one of them is overloaded, it may take 10-20 seconds. The requests that are delayed for 30 seconds or more are automatically denied in order not to overload the servers.<\/span><\/p>\n

      The only way to make the websites equally fast for everyone is to locate a server with a copy of the website in each country of the world. Which is absolutely impossible, when you consider how much manpower you will need to maintain and update each of them regularly.<\/p>\n

      But there\u2019s a solution \u2014 content distribution networks (CDN).<\/span><\/p>\n

      How do the CDN work<\/span><\/h2>\n

      In order to understand the mechanics of CDN, you need to know what the websites are made of. Each website\u2019s content can be divided in two categories \u2014 static and dynamic.<\/span><\/p>\n

      Static content is exactly the same for all website\u2019s users. Images, CSS, Javascript and HTML are static. CDN copies the all static content there is on the website. This copy is called a cached copy. It is distributed to CDN servers all over the world. Next time, when Ivan decides to open his Facebook, he will get a cached copy from Moscow.<\/span><\/p>\n

      Dynamic content is generated by the website and its applications on the go. If it is a one-time generation, CDN will cache its results. If it is constantly updated in real time, CDN will request it directly from the server.<\/span><\/p>\n

      Out of all CDNs, I highly recommend Cloudflare. Besides caching the websites, it protects them from DDoS attacks with a smart routing system.<\/span><\/p>\n

      What is smart routing<\/span><\/h3>\n

      A request from a user to the website can use different routes. For example, a request from Russia to US can go through Ukraine, Poland, Germany, Netherlands and Britain. Alternatively, it can go through Sweden, Germany and France. And the more servers it has to go through, the longer the response time is.<\/span><\/p>\n

      You can see the map of the internet connections at Telegeography<\/a>.\u00a0<\/span>Admittedly, it is a little dated by now, but it should be enough to gain a perspective.<\/span><\/p>\n

      When the user requests dynamic content from the website that is connected to the Cloudflare, the data is sent using the high-speed channels that belong to the CDN itself or its partners. Before the transmission begins, the system calculates the fastest route. But all of this happens only if the request is validated and proven to belong to a real user \u2014 and not a part of a DDoS attack.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\t

      DDoS <\/b>is a type of a hacker\u2019s attack on the server. During the DDoS attack, the server is constantly being sent requests it has to process. If there are too many requests, the server cannot process them in real time and is forced to create a queue. Since that point, no normal user can access the server, since their requests get added to the ever expanding queue of the fake requests.<\/span><\/div> \n

      How does Cloudflare protect from DDoS attacks<\/span><\/h3>\n

      If the website with Cloudflare gets a request, the system analyzes the history of the device that had sent this request on the other CloudFlare-connected websites.<\/span><\/p>\n

        \n
      1. If there is a chance that it is a part of the DDoS attack, then the request is denied.<\/span><\/li>\n
      2. If the request comes from a bot or a crawler (an automatic information collector) its bandwidth to the website gets limited.<\/span><\/li>\n
      3. If the request is sent by a regular user, he gets the cached copy of the website\u2019s static content, while the request for the dynamic content is being sent.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        Besides that, Cloudflare offers some other, premium solutions. Little is known about the mechanics of their work, but the fact that they do work has been proven. Cloudflare has withstood even the most complicated attacks from the professional hacker groups.<\/span><\/p>\n

        How to install Cloudflare on the WordPress website<\/span><\/h2>\n

        Installing Cloudflare on WordPress is easy. First of all, you need a create a CloudFlare account.<\/span><\/p>\n

        How to create a Cloudflare account<\/span><\/h3>\n
          \n
        1. Go to the <\/span>CloudFlare registration page<\/span><\/a>. Enter your email and create a password. Check the <\/span>I agree\u2026<\/span><\/i> field. Click <\/span>Create Account<\/span><\/i>.\"Creating<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n
        2. Enter your website address in <\/span>Add a website <\/span><\/i>field. Click <\/span>Scan DNS Records.\"Adding<\/a><\/span><\/i><\/li>\n
        3. CloudFlare will scan your domain and show you the recommended settings. DNS records that will be protected by Cloudflare, will be marked with orange cloud. Those that won\u2019t be \u2014 with grey. You can click on the marks to turn protection on and off. Once you are done \u2014 click <\/span>Continue<\/span><\/i> at the bottom of the page.\"Checking<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n
        4. If some of your DNS records are not listed \u2014 add them. In order to do this, fill in the fields above the table and click <\/span>Add Record<\/span><\/i>.<\/span><\/li>\n
        5. Select the plan and click <\/span>Continue<\/span><\/i>.\"Choosing<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n
        6. Cloudflare will give you new DNS addresses, to which you\u2019ll have to transfer your domain.\"An<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n
        7. Go into your <\/span>Cloudflare account<\/span><\/a> and click <\/span>View API Key<\/span><\/i> under <\/span>Global API Key<\/span><\/i>. Save the API key it gives you.\"Cloudflare<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n
        8. Now you need to change the DNS records to the ones you\u2019ve received in the step 5.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          How to setup CloudFlare for WordPress<\/span><\/h3>\n

          After you have setup the DNS, you need to optimize the caching settings for the Cloudlare. In WordPress you can do this via the official Cloudflare plugin.<\/span><\/p>\n

            \n
          1. Log into WordPress.<\/span><\/li>\n
          2. Click Plugins.\"Wordpress<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n
          3. Click <\/span>Add New<\/span><\/i>.\"Adding<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n
          4. In the Search field, enter Cloudflare<\/em><\/span>.\"Searching<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n
          5. Find this plugin in the search results. Click<\/span> Install Now<\/span><\/i>.\"Installing<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n
          6. Wait until the installation is over and click <\/span>Activate<\/span><\/i>.\"Activating<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n
          7. Go to Settings > Cloudflare.\"Cloudflare<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n
          8. Click on <\/span>here<\/span><\/i>\"Attaching<\/a><\/li>\n
          9. Enter your Cloudflare email and the API key. Click<\/span> Save API Credentials<\/span><\/i>.<\/span><\/li>\n
          10. Click <\/span>Apply<\/span><\/i>, to enable the Cloudflare recommended settings. Also click <\/span>Enable<\/span><\/i>, to allow Cloudflare to handle your cache automatically.<\/span><\/li>\n
          11. Once Cloudflare asks if you are sure that you want automatic cache handling enabled, click I\u2019m sure<\/i>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
            \n

            However, if you still don’t feel confident in setting up\u00a0Cloudflare for WordPress yourself, you can always hire Cloudflare experts to do it for you. Platforms like Toptal offer access to\u00a0top Cloudflare experts<\/a>\u00a0who can help you configure Cloudflare for WordPress and ensure optimal website performance and security.<\/p>\n

            Cloudflare is not a magic wand that will solve all your problems. It won\u2019t help, if your hosting is bad or your website is unoptimized. But if you need to speed up the website loading for your foreign customers \u2014 Cloudflare is the best solution.<\/span><\/p>\n\n

            \n <\/div>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

            Promoting a website worldwide is a story of its own. You can add translate everything, start launching advertisements and then find out that the website loads way too slow for the foreign customers. And sometimes it just doesn\u2019t load at all, leaving them with an error page. The reason for this lies in the very […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":1764,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4030","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-webdev","has-post-title","has-post-date","has-post-category","has-post-tag","has-post-comment","has-post-author",""],"yoast_head":"\nWhat is Cloudflare and how it speeds up your website -<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Cloudflare is a service that helps people promote their sites. Use it and your site will load equally fast all over the world.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/unihost.com\/blog\/what-is-cloudflare\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"What is Cloudflare and how it speeds up your website -\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Cloudflare is a service that helps people promote their sites. Use it and your site will load equally fast all over the world.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/unihost.com\/blog\/what-is-cloudflare\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Unihost.com Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/unihost\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-10-08T11:41:44+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-01-09T11:05:30+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/unihost.com\/blog\/minio.php?2017\/03\/logo7.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"34\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Alex Shevchuk\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@unihost\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@unihost\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Alex Shevchuk\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"8 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/unihost.com\/blog\/what-is-cloudflare\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/unihost.com\/blog\/what-is-cloudflare\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Alex Shevchuk\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/unihost.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/92e127fbc9a0ce4ca134886442a54474\"},\"headline\":\"What is Cloudflare and how it speeds up your website\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-10-08T11:41:44+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-01-09T11:05:30+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/unihost.com\/blog\/what-is-cloudflare\/\"},\"wordCount\":1607,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/unihost.com\/blog\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/unihost.com\/blog\/what-is-cloudflare\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/unihost.com\/blog\/minio.php?2017\/07\/cloudflare.svg\",\"articleSection\":[\"WebDev\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/unihost.com\/blog\/what-is-cloudflare\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/unihost.com\/blog\/what-is-cloudflare\/\",\"name\":\"What is Cloudflare and how it speeds up your website -\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/unihost.com\/blog\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/unihost.com\/blog\/what-is-cloudflare\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/unihost.com\/blog\/what-is-cloudflare\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/unihost.com\/blog\/minio.php?2017\/07\/cloudflare.svg\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-10-08T11:41:44+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-01-09T11:05:30+00:00\",\"description\":\"Cloudflare is a service that helps people promote their sites. 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