{"id":20049,"date":"2026-05-15T15:38:48","date_gmt":"2026-05-15T12:38:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/unihost.com\/help\/?p=20049"},"modified":"2026-05-15T15:38:48","modified_gmt":"2026-05-15T12:38:48","slug":"linux-vps-security-hardening","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/unihost.com\/help\/ru\/linux-vps-security-hardening\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0411\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0443\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 Linux VPS \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043f\u043a\u0438"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043f\u043a\u0438 VPS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0435\u043d \u0438\u0437 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u0442\u0430, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043e \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432, \u043f\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0431\u0430\u0437 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u043b\u0438 Docker-\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439. \u0411\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0430 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0438\u0441\u043a brute force \u0430\u0442\u0430\u043a, \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044c \u043b\u0438\u0448\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u044b \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u043e\u0442 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439.<\/span><\/p>\n

1. \u041e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n

\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0435, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0441\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440, \u2014 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u044b. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0438 \u0432 \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0445.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0414\u043b\u044f Debian\/Ubuntu:<\/span><\/p>\n

sudo apt update\n<\/span>sudo apt upgrade -y<\/span><\/span><\/pre>\n
\u0414\u043b\u044f AlmaLinux\/Rocky Linux\/CentOS:<\/span><\/p>\n
sudo dnf update -y<\/span><\/pre>\n
\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043a\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0434\u043e\u0431\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0430:<\/span><\/p>\n
sudo reboot<\/span><\/pre>\n
2. \u0421\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e root<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n
\u041d\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0434 <\/span>root<\/span>. \u041b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 <\/span>sudo<\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n
sudo adduser adminuser<\/span>\nsudo usermod -aG sudo adminuser<\/span><\/pre>\n
\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044c\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434 \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u043c \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043c:<\/span><\/p>\n
ssh adminuser@SERVER_IP<\/span><\/pre>\n
\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044c\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430 <\/span>sudo<\/span>:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n
sudo whoami<\/span><\/pre>\n
\u041e\u0436\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442:<\/span><\/p>\n
root<\/span><\/pre>\n
\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0443\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/strong>
\n<\/span>\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c root-\u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0443\u0431\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0441\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0443\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0448\u043d\u043e \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043f\u043e SSH.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n
3. \u041d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0442\u0435 SSH-\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438 \u0438 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434 \u043f\u043e \u043f\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044e<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n
\u041f\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c brute force \u0430\u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0439. SSH-\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u0435\u0435, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0445.<\/span><\/p>\n
\u041d\u0430 \u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u044c\u044e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447:<\/span><\/p>\n
ssh-keygen -t ed25519 -C \"admin@example.com\"<\/span><\/pre>\n
\u0421\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440:<\/span><\/p>\n
ssh-copy-id adminuser@SERVER_IP<\/span><\/pre>\n
\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0438 \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0443 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0442\u0435 SSH-\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0433:<\/span><\/p>\n
sudo nano \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config<\/span><\/pre>\n
\u0423\u043a\u0430\u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435:<\/span><\/p>\n
PubkeyAuthentication yes<\/span>\nPasswordAuthentication no<\/span>\nKbdInteractiveAuthentication no<\/span>\nPermitRootLogin no<\/span>\nMaxAuthTries 3<\/span><\/pre>\n
\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044c\u0442\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e:<\/span><\/p>\n
sudo sshd -t<\/span><\/pre>\n
\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0438\u0442\u0435 SSH:<\/span><\/p>\n
sudo systemctl reload ssh<\/span><\/pre>\n
\u0438\u043b\u0438:<\/span><\/p>\n
sudo systemctl reload sshd<\/span><\/pre>\n
\u0412\u0430\u0436\u043d\u043e<\/strong>
\n<\/span>\u041d\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0443\u0449\u0443\u044e SSH-\u0441\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u044e, \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434 \u0432 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n
4. \u0412\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435 firewall \u0438 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u044c\u0442\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u044b<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n
Firewall \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0435\u043d \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0442\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u044b, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u044b. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0435\u0431-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0447\u0430\u0449\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e:<\/span><\/p>\n
22\/tcp \u00a0 \u2014 SSH
\n<\/span>80\/tcp \u00a0 \u2014 HTTP
\n<\/span>443\/tcp\u00a0 \u2014 HTTPS<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n
\u0423\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 UFW \u043d\u0430 Debian\/Ubuntu:<\/span><\/p>\n
sudo apt install ufw -y<\/span><\/pre>\n
\u0420\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0435\u0448\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u044b:<\/span><\/p>\n
sudo ufw allow 22\/tcp<\/span>\nsudo ufw allow 80\/tcp<\/span>\nsudo ufw allow 443\/tcp<\/span><\/pre>\n
\u0412\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435 firewall:<\/span><\/p>\n
sudo ufw enable<\/span><\/pre>\n
\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044c\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0441:<\/span><\/p>\n
sudo ufw status verbose<\/span><\/pre>\n
\u0411\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0442 \u2014 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0435\u0448\u0438\u0442\u044c SSH \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0441 \u0432\u0430\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e IP:<\/span><\/p>\n
sudo ufw allow from YOUR_TRUSTED_IP to any port 22 proto tcp<\/span>\nsudo ufw deny 22\/tcp<\/span><\/pre>\n
5. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044c\u0442\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u044b \u0438 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043b\u0438\u0448\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\u044b<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n
\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0438 firewall \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044c\u0442\u0435, \u043a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\u044b \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0448\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u044b:<\/span><\/p>\n
sudo ss -tulpn<\/span><\/pre>\n
\u041e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0430:<\/span><\/p>\n
0.0.0.0:PORT\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u2014 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0448\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0430\u0445
\n<\/span>127.0.0.1:PORT\u00a0 \u00a0 \u2014 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0435\u043d \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n
\u0411\u0430\u0437\u044b \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438 \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\u044b \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u044b \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044b \u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0443:<\/span><\/p>\n
MySQL\/MariaDB\u00a0 \u2014 3306
\n<\/span>PostgreSQL \u00a0 \u00a0 \u2014 5432
\n<\/span>Redis\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u2014 6379
\n<\/span>MongoDB\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u2014 27017<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n
\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\u044b:<\/span><\/p>\n
systemctl --type=service --state=running<\/span><\/pre>\n
\u041e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435\u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441:<\/span><\/p>\n
sudo systemctl disable --now SERVICE_NAME<\/span><\/pre>\n
6. \u0423\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435 Fail2Ban<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n
Fail2Ban \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442 SSH \u043e\u0442 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u044b\u0442\u043e\u043a \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0430. \u041e\u043d \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438 \u0438 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442 IP-\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0430, \u0441 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u0434\u0451\u0442 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0435\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u044b\u0442\u043e\u043a \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438.<\/span><\/p>\n
\u0423\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430:<\/span><\/p>\n
sudo apt install fail2ban -y<\/span><\/pre>\n
\u0421\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u0434\u043b\u044f SSH:<\/span><\/p>\n
sudo nano \/etc\/fail2ban\/jail.d\/sshd.local<\/span><\/pre>\n
\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440:<\/span><\/p>\n
[sshd]<\/span>\nenabled = true<\/span>\nport = ssh<\/span>\nfilter = sshd<\/span>\nbackend = systemd<\/span>\nmaxretry = 5<\/span>\nfindtime = 10m<\/span>\nbantime = 1h<\/span><\/pre>\n
\u0417\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435 Fail2Ban:<\/span><\/p>\n
sudo systemctl enable --now fail2ban<\/span>\nsudo systemctl restart fail2ban<\/span><\/pre>\n
\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044c\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0441:<\/span><\/p>\n
sudo fail2ban-client status sshd<\/span><\/pre>\n
\u0418\u0442\u043e\u0433<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n
\u0411\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 VPS \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043a \u0448\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f\u043c:<\/span><\/p>\n
    \n
  • \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443;<\/span><\/li>\n
  • \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430;<\/span><\/li>\n
  • \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c SSH;<\/span><\/li>\n
  • \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c firewall;<\/span><\/li>\n
  • \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044c \u043b\u0438\u0448\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u044b \u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\u044b;<\/span><\/li>\n
  • \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c Fail2Ban \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0442\u044c backup.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    \u042d\u0442\u0438 \u0448\u0430\u0433\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u043d\u0435\u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u044b\u043c, \u043d\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0441\u043d\u0438\u0436\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0440\u0438\u0441\u043a \u0442\u0438\u043f\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0430\u0442\u0430\u043a \u0438 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043a \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043f\u043a\u0438 VPS.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
    \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043f\u043a\u0438 VPS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0435\u043d \u0438\u0437 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u0442\u0430, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043e \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432, \u043f\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0431\u0430\u0437 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u043b\u0438 Docker-\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439. \u0411\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0430 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0438\u0441\u043a brute force \u0430\u0442\u0430\u043a, \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044c \u043b\u0438\u0448\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u044b \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u043e\u0442 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439. 1. \u041e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0435, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0441\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440, \u2014 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u044b. \u042d\u0442\u043e […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[126],"class_list":["post-20049","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-general-ru","tag-linux-ru"],"yoast_head":"\nBasic Linux VPS Security Hardening After Purchase<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Basic steps to secure a Linux VPS after purchase: system updates, a separate sudo user, SSH keys, firewall setup, open port checks, and Fail2Ban.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/unihost.com\/help\/ru\/linux-vps-security-hardening\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ru_RU\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Basic Linux VPS Security Hardening After Purchase\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Basic steps to secure a Linux VPS after purchase: system updates, a separate sudo user, SSH keys, firewall setup, open port checks, and Fail2Ban.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/unihost.com\/help\/ru\/linux-vps-security-hardening\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Unihost.FAQ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/unihost\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2026-05-15T12:38:48+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/unihost.com\/help\/minio.php?.\/unihost-logo-alt.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"250\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"141\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Unihost Support\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@unihost\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@unihost\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Unihost Support\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/unihost.com\/help\/ru\/linux-vps-security-hardening\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/unihost.com\/help\/ru\/linux-vps-security-hardening\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Unihost Support\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/unihost.com\/help\/ru\/#\/schema\/person\/bb5ae95f38577c920e6a7507888b715a\"},\"headline\":\"\u0411\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0443\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 Linux VPS \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043f\u043a\u0438\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-05-15T12:38:48+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/unihost.com\/help\/ru\/linux-vps-security-hardening\/\"},\"wordCount\":372,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/unihost.com\/help\/ru\/#organization\"},\"keywords\":[\"Linux\"],\"articleSection\":[\"01. \u041e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0435\"],\"inLanguage\":\"ru\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/unihost.com\/help\/ru\/linux-vps-security-hardening\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/unihost.com\/help\/ru\/linux-vps-security-hardening\/\",\"name\":\"Basic Linux VPS Security Hardening After Purchase\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/unihost.com\/help\/ru\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2026-05-15T12:38:48+00:00\",\"description\":\"Basic steps to secure a Linux VPS after purchase: system updates, a separate sudo user, SSH keys, firewall setup, open port checks, and Fail2Ban.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/unihost.com\/help\/ru\/linux-vps-security-hardening\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"ru\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/unihost.com\/help\/ru\/linux-vps-security-hardening\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/unihost.com\/help\/ru\/linux-vps-security-hardening\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Unihost\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/unihost.com\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Help\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/unihost.com\/help\/ru\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"\u0411\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0443\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 Linux VPS \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043f\u043a\u0438\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/unihost.com\/help\/ru\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/unihost.com\/help\/ru\/\",\"name\":\"Unihost.FAQ\",\"description\":\"\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/unihost.com\/help\/ru\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/unihost.com\/help\/ru\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"ru\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/unihost.com\/help\/ru\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Unihost\",\"alternateName\":\"Unihost\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/unihost.com\/help\/ru\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"ru\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/unihost.com\/help\/ru\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/unihost.com\/help\/minio.php?2026\/01\/minio.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/unihost.com\/help\/minio.php?2026\/01\/minio.png\",\"width\":300,\"height\":300,\"caption\":\"Unihost\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/unihost.com\/help\/ru\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/unihost\/\",\"https:\/\/x.com\/unihost\",\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/unihost\/?hl=en\",\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/unihost-com\",\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/channel\/UCITKsxMDnslQY8brN3advgw\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/unihost.com\/help\/ru\/#\/schema\/person\/bb5ae95f38577c920e6a7507888b715a\",\"name\":\"Unihost Support\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"ru\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/unihost.com\/help\/ru\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/a0c9db17c2a0d93e8a0d5ac123f8c5db750ad4d3d5657369c0c4e480f5af77b8?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/a0c9db17c2a0d93e8a0d5ac123f8c5db750ad4d3d5657369c0c4e480f5af77b8?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Unihost Support\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/unihost.com\/\"],\"url\":\"https:\/\/unihost.com\/help\/ru\/author\/support\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Basic Linux VPS Security Hardening After Purchase","description":"Basic steps to secure a Linux VPS after purchase: system updates, a separate sudo user, SSH keys, firewall setup, open port checks, and Fail2Ban.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/unihost.com\/help\/ru\/linux-vps-security-hardening\/","og_locale":"ru_RU","og_type":"article","og_title":"Basic Linux VPS Security Hardening After Purchase","og_description":"Basic steps to secure a Linux VPS after purchase: system updates, a separate sudo user, SSH keys, firewall setup, open port checks, and Fail2Ban.","og_url":"https:\/\/unihost.com\/help\/ru\/linux-vps-security-hardening\/","og_site_name":"Unihost.FAQ","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/unihost\/","article_published_time":"2026-05-15T12:38:48+00:00","og_image":[{"width":250,"height":141,"url":"https:\/\/unihost.com\/help\/minio.php?.\/unihost-logo-alt.png","type":"image\/png"}],"author":"Unihost Support","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@unihost","twitter_site":"@unihost","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Unihost Support","Est. reading time":"2 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/unihost.com\/help\/ru\/linux-vps-security-hardening\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/unihost.com\/help\/ru\/linux-vps-security-hardening\/"},"author":{"name":"Unihost Support","@id":"https:\/\/unihost.com\/help\/ru\/#\/schema\/person\/bb5ae95f38577c920e6a7507888b715a"},"headline":"\u0411\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0443\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 Linux VPS \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043f\u043a\u0438","datePublished":"2026-05-15T12:38:48+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/unihost.com\/help\/ru\/linux-vps-security-hardening\/"},"wordCount":372,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/unihost.com\/help\/ru\/#organization"},"keywords":["Linux"],"articleSection":["01. \u041e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0435"],"inLanguage":"ru"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/unihost.com\/help\/ru\/linux-vps-security-hardening\/","url":"https:\/\/unihost.com\/help\/ru\/linux-vps-security-hardening\/","name":"Basic Linux VPS Security Hardening After Purchase","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/unihost.com\/help\/ru\/#website"},"datePublished":"2026-05-15T12:38:48+00:00","description":"Basic steps to secure a Linux VPS after purchase: system updates, a separate sudo user, SSH keys, firewall setup, open port checks, and Fail2Ban.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/unihost.com\/help\/ru\/linux-vps-security-hardening\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"ru","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/unihost.com\/help\/ru\/linux-vps-security-hardening\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/unihost.com\/help\/ru\/linux-vps-security-hardening\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Unihost","item":"https:\/\/unihost.com\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Help","item":"https:\/\/unihost.com\/help\/ru\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"\u0411\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0443\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 Linux VPS \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043f\u043a\u0438"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/unihost.com\/help\/ru\/#website","url":"https:\/\/unihost.com\/help\/ru\/","name":"Unihost.FAQ","description":"","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/unihost.com\/help\/ru\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/unihost.com\/help\/ru\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"ru"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/unihost.com\/help\/ru\/#organization","name":"Unihost","alternateName":"Unihost","url":"https:\/\/unihost.com\/help\/ru\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"ru","@id":"https:\/\/unihost.com\/help\/ru\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/unihost.com\/help\/minio.php?2026\/01\/minio.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/unihost.com\/help\/minio.php?2026\/01\/minio.png","width":300,"height":300,"caption":"Unihost"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/unihost.com\/help\/ru\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/unihost\/","https:\/\/x.com\/unihost","https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/unihost\/?hl=en","https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/unihost-com","https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/channel\/UCITKsxMDnslQY8brN3advgw"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/unihost.com\/help\/ru\/#\/schema\/person\/bb5ae95f38577c920e6a7507888b715a","name":"Unihost Support","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"ru","@id":"https:\/\/unihost.com\/help\/ru\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/a0c9db17c2a0d93e8a0d5ac123f8c5db750ad4d3d5657369c0c4e480f5af77b8?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/a0c9db17c2a0d93e8a0d5ac123f8c5db750ad4d3d5657369c0c4e480f5af77b8?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Unihost Support"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/unihost.com\/"],"url":"https:\/\/unihost.com\/help\/ru\/author\/support\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/unihost.com\/help\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20049","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/unihost.com\/help\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/unihost.com\/help\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/unihost.com\/help\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/unihost.com\/help\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=20049"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/unihost.com\/help\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20049\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":20087,"href":"https:\/\/unihost.com\/help\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20049\/revisions\/20087"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/unihost.com\/help\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=20049"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/unihost.com\/help\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=20049"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/unihost.com\/help\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=20049"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}