{"id":9382,"date":"2020-10-28T05:50:48","date_gmt":"2020-10-28T02:50:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/unihost.com\/help\/how-to-recursively-change-the-files-permissions-in-linux\/"},"modified":"2023-01-19T14:00:16","modified_gmt":"2023-01-19T11:00:16","slug":"how-to-recursively-change-the-files-permissions-in-linux","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/unihost.com\/help\/ru\/how-to-recursively-change-the-files-permissions-in-linux\/","title":{"rendered":"\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0440\u0435\u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430 \u043a \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430\u043c \u0432 Linux"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-family: Ubuntu, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\">In this tutorial, we&#8217;ll look at how to recursively change file and directory permissions.<!--more--><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: Ubuntu, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\">For an illustrative example, let&#8217;s create a test directory in the \/home directory.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: Ubuntu, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\">In the \/home\/test directory, create ten directories and in each of these directories ten files named from A to J:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"font-family: Ubuntu, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\">mkdir -p test\/dir{00..09}<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-family: Ubuntu, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\">touch test\/dir{00..09}\/{A..J}<\/span><\/pre>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: Ubuntu, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-9360 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/unihost.com\/help\/minio.php?.\/AGa_201020_3Ap32seB.png\" alt=\"\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0440\u0435\u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430 \u043a \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430\u043c \u0432 Linux - Image 1\" width=\"475\" height=\"556\" \/ title=\"\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0440\u0435\u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430 \u043a \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430\u043c \u0432 Linux - Image 1\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: Ubuntu, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\">As you can see from the screenshot, the default permissions for directories are <strong>rwxr-xr-x<\/strong> or numerically 755. For files, the default permissions are <strong>rw-r&#8211;r&#8211;<\/strong> or numerically 644.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4 id=\"chmod-recursive\"><span style=\"font-family: Ubuntu, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\">Chmod Recursive<\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: Ubuntu, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\">The chmod command allows you to change file permissions in character or numeric mode.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: Ubuntu, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\">To recursively work with all files and directories in a given directory, use the chmod command with the -R, (&#8211;recursive) option. The general syntax for recursively changing file permissions is as follows:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"font-family: Ubuntu, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\">chmod -R MODE DIRECTORY<\/span><\/pre>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: Ubuntu, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\">For example, to change the permissions for all files and subdirectories in the \/home\/test directory to 777, you would use:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"font-family: Ubuntu, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\">chmod -R 777 \/home\/test<\/span><\/pre>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: Ubuntu, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\">The permissions can also be specified using the symbolic method:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"font-family: Ubuntu, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\">chmod -R u=rwx,go=rwx \/home\/test<\/span><\/pre>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: Ubuntu, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-9362 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/unihost.com\/help\/minio.php?.\/AGa_201020_3g2YQaz1.png\" alt=\"\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0440\u0435\u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430 \u043a \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430\u043c \u0432 Linux - Image 2\" width=\"460\" height=\"517\" \/ title=\"\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0440\u0435\u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430 \u043a \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430\u043c \u0432 Linux - Image 2\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: Ubuntu, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\">Only the root user, file owner, or sudo user can change the file&#8217;s permissions. Be especially careful when changing file permissions recursively.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><span style=\"font-family: Ubuntu, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\">Using find command<\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: Ubuntu, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\">Generally, files and directories should not have the same permissions. Most files do not need to execute permission, whereas you must set execute permissions on directories so that you can navigate to them.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: Ubuntu, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\">The most common scenario is to recursively change the permissions for the website files 644 and the permissions for the directories 755.<\/span><\/p>\n<h6><span style=\"font-family: Ubuntu, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\">Numerical method:<\/span><\/h6>\n<pre><span style=\"font-family: Ubuntu, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\">find \/home\/test -type d -exec chmod 755 {} \\;<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-family: Ubuntu, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\">find \/home\/test -type f -exec chmod 644 {} \\;<\/span><\/pre>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: Ubuntu, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-family: Ubuntu, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-9364 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/unihost.com\/help\/minio.php?.\/AGa_201020__yc_khA_.png\" alt=\"\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0440\u0435\u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430 \u043a \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430\u043c \u0432 Linux - Image 3\" width=\"588\" height=\"792\" \/ title=\"\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0440\u0435\u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430 \u043a \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430\u043c \u0432 Linux - Image 3\"><\/span><\/p>\n<h6><span style=\"font-family: Ubuntu, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\">Symbolic method:<\/span><\/h6>\n<pre><span style=\"font-family: Ubuntu, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\">find \/home\/test -type d -exec chmod u=rwx,go=rx {} \\;<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-family: Ubuntu, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\">find \/home\/test -type f -exec chmod u=rw,go=r {} \\;<\/span><\/pre>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: Ubuntu, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\">The find command searches for files or directories \/home\/test and passes each file or directory found to the chmod command to set permissions.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: Ubuntu, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\">When using the find command with -exec, the chmod command is executed for each entry found. To speed up the operation, use the xargs command, passing multiple entries at once:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"font-family: Ubuntu, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\">find \/home\/test -type d -print0 | xargs -0 chmod 755<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-family: Ubuntu, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\">find \/home\/test -type f -print0 | xargs -0 chmod 644<\/span><\/pre>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: Ubuntu, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-9366 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/unihost.com\/help\/minio.php?.\/AGa_201020_WaM0r_lN.png\" alt=\"\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0440\u0435\u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430 \u043a \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430\u043c \u0432 Linux - Image 4\" width=\"641\" height=\"808\" \/ title=\"\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0440\u0435\u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430 \u043a \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430\u043c \u0432 Linux - Image 4\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: Ubuntu, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\">The chmod command with the -R options allows you to recursively change file permissions.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: Ubuntu, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\">To recursively set file permissions based on file type, use chmod in conjunction with the find command.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In this tutorial, we&#8217;ll look at how to recursively change file and directory permissions.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[69],"tags":[653],"class_list":["post-9382","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-dedicated-servers-ru","tag-permissions-ru"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0440\u0435\u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430 \u043a \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430\u043c \u0432 Linux -<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0412 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0435 \u043c\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c, \u043a\u0430\u043a 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